Capacidade físico funcional de idosos: uma abordagem cinética do teste de sentar e levantar

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the kinetic behavior of successive actions in the motor task of sitting and getting up from a chair in the elderly. This is a retrospective exploratory study with a quantitative and qualitative approach, taken from a database. Twelve elderly subjects of both sexes (63.58±6.77, ♂=7) took part in the study. The procedure was organized in the following sequence: squat vertical jump (SV) and countermovement (SCM) tests were randomized, followed by the 30s sit and stand test (SRT). Data was collected from the 30s TSL. The SVs were performed from an upright position, keeping the knees in extension and hands fixed on the hips, in the region of the iliac crest for the SA and SCM techniques. For the dynamometry assessment, during the 30s TSL and SV, the force components were collected using two force platforms adapted to the same ground plane as the laboratory where the assessments were carried out. For the TSL 30s, platform 1 was under the chair and platform 2 was under the subject's feet. However, for the SCM and SA tests, platform 1 was parallel to platform 2 under the subject's feet, with one platform for each of the limbs assessed. Pearson's correlation was observed between the platform outputs obtained in each repetition of the 30s TSL and the VS measurements. A simple linear regression was then applied to check the level of determination of the association. A one-way ANOVA for repeated measures was applied, and when necessary a Bonferroni posthoc. The correlations between the different force platform output measurements during the two jumps (SCM and SA) and the different repetitions of the sit and stand test were significant. The variables characterized were flight time, impulse and the associations between Z (vertical) force, all with a correlation level between very strong and moderate. In the time analysis of the 30s TSL, all the variables showed statistical differences between repetitions, with the 12th repetition of the APAF impulse and impulse variables standing out (28.25±4.99, N.s). In the regression analysis, model 1 showed that the lifting time of the 9th repetition of the TSL is significantly associated with the flight time of the SA with 68% and the SCM with 91%. Model 2 shows the maximum force time, which in relation to the SCM showed a significant result in the 3rd repetition with 48%. For impulse and Z force, in model 4 of the TSL in relation to the similar measures obtained in the SCM and SA, the results indicated that the impulse of the 9th repetition TSL is significantly associated with impulse of the SCM with 68%, and model 5 for the initial force in the SCM, presented significance of the predictor, insufficient with (p=0.060), as well as the maximum force in the SA with (p=0.076) and rate of force development with (p=0.15). It can be concluded that the best TSL performance in relation to lower limb power is represented up to the ninth repetition, in relation to the changes in behavior in the SA and SCM.