Internação hospitalar de doentes com tuberculose em Manaus e fatores sociais e ambientais

Abstract

Objective: To identify social and environmental factors associated with hospitalization of patients with tuberculosis (TB) in Manaus-Amazonas in 2010. Method: An epidemiological cross-sectional, exploratory and analytical, which used quantitative analysis of hospitalization of patients with tuberculosis. Data collection was conducted through structured questionnaires and tested previously, patients were interviewed during hospitalization and after discharge, data were collected in their records. The population included patients admitted with TB in referral hospitals in Manaus-AM, in the period January to December 2010. Data were entered by the method of double entry, with analysis and correction of mismatches between digitizers. To assess the association between the variables that constitute the social and environmental factors in relation to comparison groups, we used the χ2 test, with significance level of 5%, with the analysis of Waste Standard (RP), significance for the positive values greater than or equal to 1.96. Results: Of the 278 cases interviewed, 43.9% had coinfection with TB-HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) and only 56.1% TB. Among the social factors examined, the association was significant among coinfected source of income and wage labor (39.23%, PR = 3.10, p = 0.02), alcohol use (50.8% ; PR = 3.20, p = 0.01) and alcohol dependence (37.7%, RP = 2.50, p = 0.011). Among non-coinfected was associated with income less than minimum wage (30.8%, RP = 2.10, p = 0.040) and the source of retirement income, Family Allowance or other benefits (38.5%; PR = 3.40, p = 0.002). But among the environmental factors, the association was significant among coinfected, for the following categories: not owning their own house (32.5%, RP = 2.30, p = 0.023), the appearance of housing be masonry (80 %, RP = 3.00, p = 0.003) and presence of garbage collection day (90.8%, RP = 2.10, p = 0.042) among non-coinfected: owning their own house (79 , 6%, RP = 2.30, p = 0.023); appearance of wood or other (36.2%, RP = 3.00, p = 0.003) and do not have garbage collection day (17, 8%, RP = 2.10, p = 0.042). Conclusion: The results allow the knowledge of social and environmental characteristics of cases and TB-HIV co-infected with TB cases only hospitalized in Manaus, with the potential to direct the multidisciplinary care, especially nursing professional bearer of TB with or without associated with HIV. It allows also the development of health interventions, in order to minimize and prevent the occurrence of other outcomes