A viabilidade econômica da produção de etanol de mandioca no Distrito Agropecuário da SUFRAMA

Abstract

This academic work arose from the need to reflect on the importance and action of the Manaus Free Trade Zone model in the development process of Western Amazonia. The purpose of this economic model is to create an industrial, commercial and agricultural center in the interior of the Amazon. It was observed that after 41 years of existence, the model has satisfactorily met the industrial and commercial stages; however, the primary sector has not achieved the expected development, despite the efforts of the federal government. The Suframa Agricultural District (DAS), with almost 600 thousand hectares, was the location created for the development of the primary sector of the Manaus Free Trade Zone Model and is formed by the municipalities of Rio Preto da Eva and Manaus. The problem addressed in this work identifies that in the isolated rural communities of the interior of the Amazon, in general, and of the DAS, in particular, there is no alternative for employment, income and that they are extremely dependent on fossil fuels for obtaining electricity, for the transportation of people and for production. The current situation does not indicate any prospect of changing this reality in the short or medium term. The general objective of this work is to present an alternative proposal for the development of agroindustry in the SUFRAMA Agricultural District based on the use of cassava for ethanol production. The specific objectives demonstrate the economic viability of this production, linked to family farming and cooperatives/associations; and present SUFRAMA as one of the non-reimbursable financing options for agroindustrial activities in the DAS. The existence of the necessary resources to make this project viable was observed. The DAS has available land and labor resources. In Manaus, there are agencies that work on training human resources for business management; there is a relative possibility of obtaining “non- reimbursable” financial resources, a basic premise of the project; and, in Brazil, there is availability of low-cost technology for implementing the biofuel production project. The accounting structures (balance sheet and Income Statement - DRE) and economic, financial and liquidity indicators were used as a methodology to demonstrate economic viability. The methodology used to present Suframa as a financing agency was based on official documents (Management Reports, Activity Reports and publication of periodicals). The work is based on the concepts of endogenous development, intermediate technology and family farming. The results obtained are satisfactory. The work leads to the conclusion that this type of project is viable and that it can be an alternative for the development of isolated communities in the municipality of Rio Preto da Eva and in other corners of this vast Amazon.