Condições In Vitro de Ananas comosus var. erectifolius e bracteatus para Conservação e Aplicações Biotecnológicas

Abstract

This thesis explores the bioprospecting and in vitro culture of Ananas comosus var. erectifolius and Ananas comosus var. bracteatus, focusing on germination, regeneration, and bromelain extraction processes. The main objective was to evaluate the effects of light spectra and hormonal concentrations on the in vitro germination and development of these varieties. The methodology included four experiments: asepsis and in vitro germination (articles 1 and 2), seedling regeneration (article 3), and friable callus induction (article 4). In article 1, white LED light promoted the highest germination rate (98.95% in Ananas comosus var. bracteatus) at 25°C. In article 2, colored LED (blue-red) enhanced root and leaf development, particularly in Ananas comosus var. erectifolius. Article 3 demonstrated that white LED lighting combined with B5 medium was more effective for seedling regeneration, while MS medium promoted more callus formation. Finally, in article 4, the concentration of 24-D and BAP was essential for callus induction, but excessive auxin caused rigidity and early senescence. These findings provide a basis for optimized micropropagation and regeneration protocols for these ornamental and pharmaceutical potential varieties.